2014年11月7日 星期五
2014年11月5日 星期三
高中有哪些及物動詞後+ Ving當受格
口訣: 主詞+以下動詞 (避/允 / 感/ 完 / 建/ 保/ 想/拖 / 討 / 承/ 否/考 / 脫 / 冒 原/ 原/ 拖/ 抵/ )+ Ving
1.避: 避免: avoid
2.允: 允許: allow
3.感: 感謝: appreciate
4.完: 完成: complete
5.建 : 建議: suggest ,
6.保: 保持: keep
7.想: 想像: imagine
8.拖: 拖延: delay
9.討: 討厭: resent
10.承: 承認 : admit
11.否: 否認: deny
12.考: 考慮: consider
13.脫: 脫逃: escape
14.冒: 冒險: risk
15.原: 原諒: excuse
16.原: 原諒: pardon
17.拖: 拖延: postpone
18. 抵: 抵抗: resist
口訣; (避孕敢玩, 健保想脫逃, 曾否考脫帽, 遠遠拖地)
省略should 的動詞有哪些? 口訣 (建堅要命)
公式: 主詞 + (建堅要命的動詞) + that 主詞 (should) 原動.....
Should 可以省略, 從屬子句(that後的子句) , should 省略 主詞後一定要加 "原形動詞" 例句:
Nobody suggested that the conference be held on the first day of the next month. (be前面的should 省略, be動詞仍適用 be. 因為beV 的原動就是 be . )
口
訣
建: 建議: advise/ suggest / propose / recommend / move
堅: 堅持: insist
要: 要求: ask / demand / require / request
命: 命令: order / command
動詞 + 不定詞 / 動詞+ Ving 和使役動詞 的 用法說明
動詞 + 不定詞 / 動詞+ Ving 和使役動詞 的 用法說明
大部分的動詞固定後面接不定詞( to V),但有些動詞是接現在分詞(Ving),使役動詞+人+原動V,針對這些動詞的用法,分述如下:
|
forget
| + 不定詞 | 忘記做某件事 (事情還未做) e.g. 1. He forgot to close the window. (忘記關窗戶) |
+ 現在分詞 | 忘記做過某件事 (已經做過) e.g. 2. He forgot closing the window. (忘記自己有關窗戶) | |
remember
| + 不定詞 | 記得去做某件事 (事情還未做) e.g. 3. Please remember to write a letter. (記得去寫一封信) |
+ 現在分詞 | 記得做過某件事 (已經做過) e.g. 4. I remember writing a letter. (記得自己寫了一封信) | |
stop
| + 不定詞 | 停下來去做某件事 e.g. 5. He stops to smoke. (停下來去吸菸) |
+ 現在分詞 | 停止做某件事 e.g. 6. He stops smoking. (停止吸菸) |
* help 後面可接不定詞或原形動詞
2014年10月13日 星期一
高中文法 as if的用法
高中文法As if 的用法
1.
He talks as if he is drunk. (現在式直說法)
他說話的樣子像是他喝醉了。
*(有喝醉的樣子, 不是假設)
2.
He talks as if he were drunk. (與現在事實相反的假設法) 他說話的樣子像喝醉酒的人的樣子. *(他並沒醉, 只是像喝醉的樣子)
3.
He talks as if
he had been drunk. (現在動作+過去的非事實) 他現在說話的樣子, 好像他之前有喝醉的樣子(感覺像說話前已喝醉, 但實際之前沒喝醉。)
4.
He walked as if he was drunk. (模糊說法: 可以是過去直說或過去假設都有可能, 要由前面 or後面文章內容來決定, 是否是直說句子, 或假設的句子)
例如1.: He played a tippler in the show, so he walked as if he was drunk.
他在這節目裡, 扮演了一個酒鬼, 所以他走路的樣子像喝醉了一樣. (這裡所提的當然是過去式直說法, 因為他在戲裡是酒鬼, 所以走起路來就是酒鬼的樣的. 應該說是有喝醉. )
例如2: He talked with his mouth full, his words sounded very ambiguity. He talked as if he was drunk.
他邊吃東西邊說話(嘴裡滿滿的食物),說得很不清楚。他説話像喝醉了一樣. (他沒喝醉.)
*** 其實, 在考試時, 這樣出題是有爭議的, 如果沒有前後文, 但句子是這樣造的話,
並不完全 (所以, 可以找老師討論, 老師要表達的語意是什麼)。
“The
one-month-old baby opened the book as if he was able to read.”
那ㄧ個月大的嬰兒打開書的樣子就像他會閱讀一樣. (這句話, 語意很明顯是嬰兒不會讀, 但打開書的動作很像會讀。除非他不尋常, 不過老師應該不是表達一個不尋常的嬰兒)

“He talked as if he was drunk.”
他說話的樣子彷彿他喝醉了. (他並沒有醉, 只是像喝醉。但老師應該用 : “He talked as if he were drunk.”會比較洽當)
Mary
talked as if she knew the truth. (一樣是模糊句型, 過去直說或過去假設都有可能, 要藉由前後文來區分)
練習題:
( )1. He walked as if he ______ drunk. (複選) 或 (單選)
a. had been b. has been
c. was d. was been
答案為: 複選時: a/ c / 單選時: a 比較安全, 除非c. 是were, 這時單選為 c
( )2. Tina failed her test, but she acted as
if everything ______ fine.
a. is been b. has been
c. were d. was
Tina考試不及格, 但她確像沒事一樣. (其實她應該難過的)
答案為: c
He walked as if
he were drunk. (過去非事實, 假設而已,所以沒醉。)
6.
He walked as if he had been drunk. (用過去完成式, 表是之前他沒有醉。)
7. Mary talked as if she had known the truth. (過去假設, 過去非事實, 也就是她之前並不知道實情。)
7. Mary talked as if she had known the truth. (過去假設, 過去非事實, 也就是她之前並不知道實情。)
補充題型:
1. They stared at me as if I were crazy.
(I’m not crazy, but people looked at me like I was crazy.)
2. A: “I heard that you’re going out with Alex!”
B: “As if!” (= As if I would go out with him, as if that would happen)
B: “As if!” (= As if I would go out with him, as if that would happen)
3. Someone called her fat today. As if her self-esteem
isn’t low enough.
( her self-esteem is really low; calling her fat
will lower her self-esteem even more)
2014年10月10日 星期五
2014年9月24日 星期三
高中文法:易混淆文法 : 複合式形容詞3
今天要談的 易混淆的高中文法 是: 複合式形容詞)
我們要注意的一點, 平常我們的看主動或被動的句子都以主詞為基準, 然而在複合式形容詞, 要強調或形容的字是以 複合式形容詞後面的單字決定是主動, 還是被動. 後面的名詞如有主動的意思, 在複合式形容詞 為Ving, 如名詞有被動語意, 那麼 複合式形容詞為 Ved(過去分詞)
例如:
He is a Chinese-speaking person. (說Chinese中文的人是person(人),
是主動說一個語言, 所以speak(說)的動作, 就必須是Ving(動名詞)
有八種基本款:
1. 名詞(N)+動名詞(ving) +名詞(名詞決定主動
People 主動講一個語言)
例如: English-speaking people are all over the world.
2. 名詞(N)+過去分詞(Ved) + 名詞(名詞決定為被動
Girl的heart是被傷的broken)
例如: She is a heart-broken girl because she was dumped by her boyfriend.
**********************************************************
3. 形容詞(adj.)+動名詞(ving)+名詞 (名詞決定主動)
例如: She
is a pretty-looking girl. (girl本身是漂亮, 所以用 Ving (動名詞)
4. 形容詞(adj)+過去分詞(ved)+名詞 (名詞決定為被動)
例如: There is a ready-made desk. ( 一張現成的書桌, 書桌本身不會自己製作, 是被人製作, 所以用 made 過去分詞)
**********************************************************
5. 副詞(adv.) +ving (動名詞) + 名詞
例如: She has a well-affecting experience.
6. 副詞(adv.) +ved (過去分詞) + 名詞
例如: He set a
easily-achieved goal.
**********************************************************
7. 形容詞(adj) + ving (動名詞) +名詞
例如: He owns a good-profiting business.
8. 形容詞(adj) + ved (過去分詞) + 名詞
例如: He owns a nice-paid job.
英檢會話反覆學 Unit Two
1. Do you have any best friend?
= Yes, ___________ is my best friend because he/she is nice to me.
2. Who is your best friend?
= My best friend is ____________ because he/ she is nice to me.
3. Do you like to eat steak? Why or why not?= Yes, it is delicious.
= No, my mother told me not to eat.
4. Where do you usually go shopping?
= I usually go shopping at supermarkets and night markets.
5. When a person says, "Thank you." to you, what should you answer?
= You're welcome.
6. How are you?
= I'm fine, thank you. And you?
= I'm so so.=I'm all right.
7. How's everything?
=Everything is great.
8. What's up?
= OK! I'm OK.
= Nothing wrong.
= I lost my pencil.
9. How have you been recently?
=I have been very well.
= I have been very busy.
10. What's going on?
= Nothing. It\s OK.
11. How are you doing?
= I'm fine, thank you. And you?
=I'm doing well.
= All right.
奧運運動中英對照表
acrobatic gymnastics---技巧運動
athletics/track & field---田徑
beach---海灘
boat race---賽艇
bobsleigh, bobsled---雪橇
boxing---拳擊
canoe slalom---激流划船
canoe---賽艇
chess---象棋
cricket---板球
cycling---自行車
diving---跳水
downhill race---速降滑雪賽,滑降
dragon-boat racing---賽龍船
dressage---盛裝舞步
equestrian---騎馬
fencing---擊劍
figure skating---花樣滑冰
football(英語)/soccer(美語)---足球
freestyle----自由式
gliding; sailplaning---滑翔運動
golf----高爾夫球
Greece-Roman wrestling----古典式摔跤
gymnastic apparatus----體操器械
gymnastics----體操
handball-----手球
hockey----曲棍球
hold, lock-----揪鈕
horizontal bar-----單杠
hurdles; hurdle race----跨欄比賽
huttlecock kicking---踢毽子
ice skating---滑冰
indoor---室內
item Archery---箭術
judo---柔道
jumping----障礙
kayak----皮划艇
mat exercises---墊上運動
modern pentathlon---現代五項運動
mountain bike---山地車
parallel bars---雙杠
polo---馬球
relative work---造型跳傘
relay race; relay---接力
rings----吊環
roller skating----滑旱冰
rowing-----划船
rugby---橄欖球
sailing--帆船
shooting---射擊
side horse, pommelled horse---鞍馬
ski jump---跳高滑雪
ski jumping competition---跳高滑雪比賽
ski---滑雪板
skiing---滑雪
slalom---障礙滑雪
softball---壘球
surfing---衝浪
swimming----游泳
table tennis---乒乓球
taekwondo---跆拳道
tennis----網球
toxophily---射箭
track---賽道
trampoline---蹦床
trapeze---秋千
triathlon---鐵人三項
tug-of-war---拔河
volleyball---排球
badminton---羽毛球
baseball---棒球
basketball---籃球
walking; walking race---競走
wall bars---肋木
water polo----水球
weightlifting ---舉重
weights ---重量級
winter sports -----冬季運動
wrestling --- 摔交
yacht --- 遊艇
Olympic online:
http://sports.hinet.net/olympic/index.jsp
同時有HD的現場直播
athletics/track & field---田徑
beach---海灘
boat race---賽艇
bobsleigh, bobsled---雪橇
boxing---拳擊
canoe slalom---激流划船
canoe---賽艇
chess---象棋
cricket---板球
cycling---自行車
diving---跳水
downhill race---速降滑雪賽,滑降
dragon-boat racing---賽龍船
dressage---盛裝舞步
equestrian---騎馬
fencing---擊劍
figure skating---花樣滑冰
football(英語)/soccer(美語)---足球
freestyle----自由式
gliding; sailplaning---滑翔運動
golf----高爾夫球
Greece-Roman wrestling----古典式摔跤
gymnastic apparatus----體操器械
gymnastics----體操
handball-----手球
hockey----曲棍球
hold, lock-----揪鈕
horizontal bar-----單杠
hurdles; hurdle race----跨欄比賽
huttlecock kicking---踢毽子
ice skating---滑冰
indoor---室內
item Archery---箭術
judo---柔道
jumping----障礙
kayak----皮划艇
mat exercises---墊上運動
modern pentathlon---現代五項運動
mountain bike---山地車
parallel bars---雙杠
polo---馬球
relative work---造型跳傘
relay race; relay---接力
rings----吊環
roller skating----滑旱冰
rowing-----划船
rugby---橄欖球
sailing--帆船
shooting---射擊
side horse, pommelled horse---鞍馬
ski jump---跳高滑雪
ski jumping competition---跳高滑雪比賽
ski---滑雪板
skiing---滑雪
slalom---障礙滑雪
softball---壘球
surfing---衝浪
swimming----游泳
table tennis---乒乓球
taekwondo---跆拳道
tennis----網球
toxophily---射箭
track---賽道
trampoline---蹦床
trapeze---秋千
triathlon---鐵人三項
tug-of-war---拔河
volleyball---排球
badminton---羽毛球
baseball---棒球
basketball---籃球
walking; walking race---競走
wall bars---肋木
water polo----水球
weightlifting ---舉重
weights ---重量級
winter sports -----冬季運動
wrestling --- 摔交
yacht --- 遊艇
Olympic online:
http://sports.hinet.net/olympic/index.jsp
同時有HD的現場直播
參考資料http://sports.hinet.net/olympic/index.jsp
2014年9月23日 星期二
高中易混淆的文法5 : 準關係代名詞 than / as 的用法
在關係代名詞裡, 所謂的 "準關係代名詞" 應該是就另人混淆的, 除此還要很用力的去記住它, 而要記住的方法, 不外乎 |" 造句".
(一) Than 的用法
條件1: than 當作 (關係代名詞)時, 先行詞前的 形容詞或副詞 一定有 比較級.
條件2: than 可以當作是( 關係代名詞)中的 主詞或 受詞.
例句1: (than 當主格)
She bought more food than was able to be eaten.
她買的食物多過她所能吃的.)
此句的 more 是比較級, 解為: She bought more food 她買較多的食物.
than 是關係代was 的主詞, than was able to . 此句的 was able to 是 "能夠" , was able to +被動語態 (be eaten) 因為食物是被吃, 所以用被動語態, 整句的意思 是: ( 她買的食物多過她所能吃的.)
例句2: (than 當受格)
She bought more dresses than I could afford.
* more 為比較級, than 為afford 的受格. Afford + 洋裝
affort提供得起, more dresses than 比.....過多的洋裝
I could afford. 我提供得起.
所以整句的意思為: 她買的洋裝超過我能負擔得起. 這意思是, 我負擔不起她買的洋裝.
(二) as
關係代名詞 : as的用法有幾個條件:
條件 1: 用在非限定用法.
條件2: 先行詞是一個句子, 而不是一個名詞.
條件 3: as 可以放在 "主要子句" 的前面和後面, which 只能放在 "主要子句"的後面.
條件4 : as 後面若有 be-V 可以省略, 但是 which 後面的 beV 不可省略.
例句:
Michael Jackson was a great singer in 21 century , which / as every knows.
= As every one knows, Michael Jackson was a great singer in 21 century.
As (was) expected, the weight lifter from Taiwan broke the world record in weightlifting item.
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